I always felt that my go-to build was fairly well-equipped to hunt down ranged if I felt like it, however it is fairly gear-dependent.
Current build:
Strength: 18
Agility: 24
Polearm: 184
Weapon Master: 8
Athletics: 8
Iron Flesh: 2
Shield: 5
Power Strike: 6
(You can easily just go 15-24 if at a lower level, and strength isn't as important for 'countering' ranged)
If I want to hunt down ranged scum then I make sure to wear light armor, typically my leather (anti)ranger armor, leather gloves, and rus cav boots and bring a light shield like my leather covered round shield. The key element is to bring a long, 4d polearm that you can use in hoplite mode, my go-to is the svaerdstav, as it allows you to run up close and get a faster-and-farther-than-they-expect jump stab aimed right at their face before they think to turn and run or pull out their melee weapon. Once you're safely within in melee range you can drop or sheathe your shield and get all slash-happy with your (hopefully) faster and (probably) longer weapon.
Now you may have noticed that I don't bother wearing head armor to counter ranged, and that is no mere oversight. In fact, this important element may be more vital than the long slashy weapon. See, speed is key here, and no lightweight helmet is gonna make the difference between life and death if you're headshot anyways. That, and the sight of your glorious locks flowing in the wind are enough to taunt any ranged pleb into only going for headshots, which have a much higher chance of missing than mere body shots, which little do they know would do you in nearly as quickly. Your shield is what protects you from the ranged within your sights, your lack of head armor is what protects you from any meddling ranged on your flank.
The only thing missing from this build is enough power draw to pick up their dropped weapon and run off with it or use it against them.