I frequently travel between several locations... one of which has ~24 ping average, the other is almost exactly 20 greater, staying at ~44. Let me tell you, when I am playing on either one for a while, there is no difference noticeable*. But once I switch from one to the other... going either way (up or down in ping) I absolutely suck for a day or two of playing. Anything for me under 60 is all the same once you stay there for a while and get used to it you will be at a very small disadvantage, if any compared to a 10 ping person.
*I have yet to do any scientific tests, but the higher the ping, the more common it seems that people would swing through my blocks, most commonly when I am a shielder. Now this makes sense and all, but it can be considered a disadvantage when it happens maybe once every 50 or so blocks more frequently than a low-pinger.