I'm not sure about the "low damage" of archery.
I usually run around in low/medium armor (highest I had was a 5k gold armor) so I always carry a shield on me because I die in 1-2 arrows.
I made a new char, I decided I could afford more expensive armor so I went for some heavy armor (cuir bouilli @ 10k gold is considered HEAVY to me) and I thought maybe I wouldn't have to carry around a shield because archers wouldn't kill me in 1-2 shots but I was wrong.
Basically, archers can do more damage than infantry and from RANGE, I know I can take 3 hits most of the time from infantry with a STRENGTH build, but if I come face to face with an archer 1 arrow will easily one hit me in my chest, maybe 2 arrows if I'm lucky.